# Bibliography and data sources

:::{note}
**In brief** — This page collects the academic references cited throughout the documentation, together with the
external data sources and tools that feed and surround OPEN-PROM. It is the citation target for the author-year
references used on the other pages.
:::

(bibliography-references)=
## References

- Fragkos, P. (2020). Global Energy System Transformations to 1.5 °C: The Impact of Revised Intergovernmental Panel
  on Climate Change Carbon Budgets. *Energy Technology, 8*(9).
  [doi:10.1002/ente.202000395](https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202000395)
- Fragkos, P., Kouvaritakis, N., & Capros, P. (2015). Incorporating Uncertainty into World Energy Modelling: The
  PROMETHEUS Model. *Environmental Modeling & Assessment, 20*(5), 549–569.
  [doi:10.1007/s10666-015-9442-x](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-015-9442-x)
- Fragkos, P., Van De Ven, D.-J., Horowitz, R., & Zisarou, E. (2024). Analysing the Transformative Changes of
  Nationally Determined Contributions and Long-Term Targets. *Climate, 12*(6), 87.
  [doi:10.3390/cli12060087](https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12060087)
- Gidden, M. J., Portugal-Pereira, J., & Apeaning, R. (2026). Chapter 8: Paris-consistent CDR scenarios. In M. R.
  Edwards et al. (Eds.), *The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal* (3rd ed.).
  [doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/JZDQM](https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JZDQM)
- Marucci, A., Panos, E., Kypreos, S., & Fragkos, P. (2019). Probabilistic assessment of realizing the 1.5 °C
  climate target. *Applied Energy, 239*, 239–251.
  [doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.190](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.190)
- Mikropoulos, E., Roelfsema, M., Chen, H., Staffel, I., Oreggioni, G., Hdidouan, D., … Van Vuuren, D. (2025).
  Examining pathways for a climate neutral Europe by 2050; A model comparison analysis including integrated
  assessment models and energy system models. *Energy, 319*.
  [doi:10.1016/j.energy.2025.134809](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.134809)
- Sandstad, M., Aamaas, B., Johansen, A., Lund, M., Peters, G., & Samset, B. (2024). CICERO Simple Climate Model
  (CICERO-SCM v1.1.1) – an improved simple climate model with a parameter calibration tool. *Geoscientific Model
  Development, 17*(17). [doi:10.5194/gmd-17-6589-2024](https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6589-2024)
- Sandstad, M., Steinert, N., Baur, S., & Sanderson, B. (2025). METEORv1.0.1: A novel framework for emulating
  multi-timescale regional climate responses.
  [doi:10.5194/egusphere-2025-1038](https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-1038/)

## Data sources and tools

The input-data pipeline (`mrprom`), the post-processing pipeline (`postprom`), and the model's interlinkages draw
on the following external datasets, projects and modelling tools.

:::{list-table}
:header-rows: 1
:widths: 25 75

* - Source / tool
  - Link
* - IEA — International Energy Agency
  - <https://www.iea.org>
* - ENERDATA
  - <https://www.enerdata.net>
* - Eurostat
  - <https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat>
* - NAVIGATE (H2020 project)
  - <https://www.navigate-h2020.eu>
* - World Bank Open Data
  - <https://data.worldbank.org>
* - Ember
  - <https://ember-energy.org>
* - IRENA — International Renewable Energy Agency
  - <https://www.irena.org>
* - GEM-E3 (E3Modelling)
  - <https://e3modelling.com>
* - PRIMES (E3Modelling)
  - <https://e3modelling.com/modelling-tools/primes>
* - EDGAR — Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research
  - <https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu>
* - UPTAKE — Bridging current knowledge gaps to enable the UPTAKE of carbon dioxide removal methods
  - Horizon Europe research project
* - openTEPES
  - Open-source power-system expansion and operation model (documentation version 4.18.17RC)
* - METEOR
  - <https://github.com/benmsanderson/METEOR>
* - FTT:Heat
  - [doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112249](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112249)
* - mrprom
  - <https://github.com/e3modelling/mrprom>
* - postprom
  - <https://github.com/e3modelling/postprom>
:::